New AIJER now accepts submissions exclusively via the Editorial Scholar portal — a dedicated submission & review system.
Go to Editorial Scholar →
Associated Management Consultants Pvt. Ltd. | COPE Member
UGC-CARE Group I Google Scholar |
Arthshastra Indian Journal of Economics & Research logo

Arthshastra Indian Journal of Economics & Research

ISSN: 2278-1811 Frequency: Quarterly Peer Review: Double-blind Published since: 2012 Language: English
A publication of AMCPL
amcon.co.in
New Delhi, India
Indexed in: UGC-CARE Group I Google Scholar J-Gate

Will Delhi be Habitable in the Future ?

Open Access Original Article

Will Delhi be Habitable in the Future ?

Shubhneet Sanjay Arora1,  Swarthak Ranjan Swain2

1 B.Sc. (Economics, Mathematics, Statistics) 2017 – 2020, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore - 560 029

2 B.Sc. (Economics, Mathematics, Statistics) 2017 – 2020, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore - 560 029

Volume 9
Issue 4
Pages 8–22
Year 2020
Received: April 25, 2020 Accepted: Oct. 15, 2020 Published: Dec. 31, 2020
Abstract

Most of the existing research in the theoretical and empirical understanding of environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) is based on data from countries rather than cities. In contrast to these papers, the purpose of this particular paper was to investigate the pertinence of EKC in developing cities. The sample city considered for this paper is Delhi, the capital of India. The paper aimed at predicting the year in which EKC will reach its eventual peak. We also investigated if the peak of Delhi will be before or after the severest magnitude of Air Quality Index as per national standards. We specifically selected Delhi for the study taking into consideration several factors. India is one of the fastest-growing countries, and it is also important to understand how well cities are performing. From the time of industrialization, it is a known fact that generation and consumption of electricity does have negative externalities on the whole ecosystem. This motivated us to merge the pollution and electricity consumption of Delhi with the hypothesis of EKC. Further, our test included the prediction of the year when the average AQI of Delhi will cross this level. The economy is on the upswing and so are the pollution levels, but eventually, this will show an inverse relationship. The anticipation of the turning point will let the policymakers formulate a better policy for the betterment of the city. Various pieces of evidence were collected from several sources such as published articles from journals, WHO, World Bank, etc.

Keywords Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) Short Run EKC Delhi Pollution Air Quality GDP Per Capita
How to Cite

Shubhneet Sanjay Arora, Swarthak Ranjan Swain (2020). Will Delhi be Habitable in the Future ?. Arthshastra Indian Journal of Economics & Research, 9(4), 8–22. https://doi.org/10.17010/aijer/2020/v9i4/156809

References
  1. Balakrishnan, K. et al. (2019]. The impact of air pollution on deaths, disease burden, and life expectancy across the states of India : The Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. The Lancet Planetary Health, 3(1], e26-e39. <a href=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(18]30261-4 target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(18]30261-4</a>
  2. Caleb, P., Gokarakonda, S., Jain, R., Niazi, Z., Rathi, V., Shrestha, S., Thomas, S., & Topp., K. (2017]. Decoupling energy and resource use from growth in the Indian construction sector : A potential analysis study. Berlin : Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ] GmbH. Retrieved from <a href=http://devalt.org/images/L2_ProjectPdfs/(1]REDecouplingStudyAnalysis.pdf?Oid=159 target="_blank">http://devalt.org/images/L2_ProjectPdfs/(1]REDecouplingStudyAnalysis.pdf?Oid=159</a>
  3. Carriazo, F. (2016]. Economics and air pollution. In, Air quality-Measurement and modeling. IntechOpen. <a href=https://dx.doi.org/10.5772/65256 target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.5772/65256</a>
  4. Davidson, C. I. (1979]. Air pollution in Pittsburgh : A historical perspective. Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association, 29(10], 1035–1041. <a href=https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00022470.1979.10470892 target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00022470.1979.10470892</a>
  5. De Bruyn, S., & Opschoor, J. (1997]. Developments in the throughput-income relationship : Theoretical and empirical observations. Ecological Economics, 20(3], 255–268. <a href=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(96]00086-9 target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(96]00086-9</a>
  6. Dinda, S. (2004]. Environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis: A survey. Ecological Economics, 49(4], 431-455. <a href=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2004.02.011 target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2004.02.011</a>
  7. Egondi, T., Kyobutungi, C., Ng, N., Muindi, K., Oti, S., Vijver, S., Ettarh, R., & Rocklöv, J. (2013]. Community perceptions of air pollution and related health risks in Nairobi slums. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 10(10], 4851-4868. <a href=https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph10104851 target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph10104851</a>
  8. Ganesh, G., Singh, S., & Raj, P. (2016]. Air pollution in Delhi : An analysis (1st ed.]. New Delhi : ENVIS Centre CPCB on Control of Pollution Water, Air & Noise.
  9. Heidorn, K. (1978]. A chronology of important events in the history of air pollution meteorology to 1970. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 59(12], 1589–1597. <a href=https://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477(1978]059<1589:acoiei>2.0.co;2 target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477(1978]059<1589:acoiei>2.0.co;2</a>
  10. International Atomic Energy Agency. (1999]. Health and environmental impacts of electricity generation systems : Procedures for comparative assessment. Austria : IAEA. Retrieved from <a href=https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/TRS394_scr.pdf target="_blank">https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/TRS394_scr.pdf</a>
  11. Jain, S., & Chaudhuri, T. (2009]. The Environmental Kuznets Curve : A reaffirmation. ICFAI Journal of Environmental Economics, 7(2], 7-29.
  12. Jindal, Y. (2020]. Quantifying demographic dividend in India and its impact on economic growth : A state-level study. Arthshastra Indian Journal of Economics & Research, 9(1], 7–24. <a href=https://dx.doi.org/10.17010/aijer/2020/v9i1/151353 target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.17010/aijer/2020/v9i1/151353</a>
  13. Kubatko, O. (2008]. The environmental Kuznets curve : Evidence from Ukraine (MA Economics]. National University “Kyiv-Mohyla Academy” Economics Education and Research Consortium. Retrieved from <a href=https://kse.ua/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/kubatko.pdf target="_blank">https://kse.ua/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/kubatko.pdf</a>
  14. Li, Y., Chiu, Y. - H., & Lin, T. - Y. (2019]. The impact of economic growth and air pollution on public health in 31 Chinese cities. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(3], 393. <a href=https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16030393 target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16030393</a>
  15. Madronich, S., Shao, M., Wilson, S., Solomon, K. R., Longstreth, J., & Tang, X. (2015]. Changes in air quality and tropospheric composition due to depletion of stratospheric ozone and interactions with changing climate : Implications for human and environmental health. Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences, 14(1], 149-169. <a href=https://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4pp90037e target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4pp90037e</a>
  16. Malhotra, N., & Devi, P. (2018]. Factors in internal migration in India : A case study of Ludhiana city. Arthshastra Indian Journal of Economics & Research, 7(3], 7–24. <a href=https://dx.doi.org/10.17010/aijer/2018/v7i3/130152 target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.17010/aijer/2018/v7i3/130152</a>
  17. Meinshausen, M., Meinshausen, N., Hare, W., Raper, S., Frieler, K., Knutti, R., Frame, D., & Allen, M. (2009]. Greenhouse-gas emission targets for limiting global warming to 2 °C. Nature, 458 (7242], 1158-1162. <a href=https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature08017 target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature08017</a>
  18. Ministry of Statistics and Program Implementation, Government of India. (n.d.]. State domestic product (State series]. Retrieved from <a href=http://mospi.nic.in/publication/state-domestic-product-state-series target="_blank">http://mospi.nic.in/publication/state-domestic-product-state-series</a>
  19. Open Government Data (OGD] Platform India. (n.d.]. Open government data (OGD] platform India. Retrieved from <a href=https://data.gov.in/ target="_blank">https://data.gov.in/</a>
  20. Ott, W. (1978]. Environmental indices : Theory and practice. USA : U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information.
  21. Ritchie, H. (2017]. What the history of London’s air pollution can tell us about the future of today’s growing megacities. Our World in Data. Retrieved from <a href=https://ourworldindata.org/london-air-pollution target="_blank">https://ourworldindata.org/london-air-pollution</a>
  22. Rizwan, S., Nongkynrih, B., & Gupta, S. (2013]. Air pollution in Delhi : Its magnitude and effects on health. Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 38(1], 4-8. <a href=https://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-0218.106617 target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-0218.106617</a>
  23. Shah, K. (2020]. India’s utility - Scale solar parks a global success story. Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA]. Retrieved from <a href=https://ieefa.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Indias-Utility-Scale-Solar-Parks-Success-Story_May-2020.pdf target="_blank">https://ieefa.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Indias-Utility-Scale-Solar-Parks-Success-Story_May-2020.pdf</a>
  24. Shrivastava, M., Ghosh, A., Bhattacharyya, R., & Singh, S. (2018]. Urban pollution in India. In, S. M. Charlesworth & C. A. Booth (eds.], Urban pollution (pp. 341-356]. <a href=https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119260493.ch26 target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119260493.ch26</a>
  25. Stern, D. (2004]. The rise and fall of the environmental Kuznets curve. World Development, 32(8], 1419-1439. <a href=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2004.03.004 target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2004.03.004</a>
  26. Stern, D., & Common, M. (2001]. Is there an environmental Kuznets curve for sulfur ? Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 41(2], 162–178. <a href=https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jeem.2000.1132 target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jeem.2000.1132</a>
  27. Suri, V., & Chapman, D. (1998]. Economic growth, trade and energy : Implications for the environmental Kuznets curve. Ecological Economics, 25(2], 195–208. <a href=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(97]00180-8 target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(97]00180-8</a>
  28. Thind, M., Tessum, C., Azevedo, I., & Marshall, J. (2019]. Fine particulate air pollution from electricity generation in the US : Health impacts by race, income, and geography. Environmental Science & Technology, 53(23], 14010–14019. <a href=https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b02527 target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b02527</a>
  29. Wakamatsu, S., Morikawa, T., & Ito, A. (2013]. Air pollution trends in Japan between 1970 and 2012 and impact of urban air pollution countermeasures. Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment, 7(4], 177–190. <a href=https://dx.doi.org/10.5572/ajae.2013.7.4.177 target="_blank">https://dx.doi.org/10.5572/ajae.2013.7.4.177</a>
Editorial Scholar

Submit your Research to AIJER

Submit your Manuscript → Author Guidelines