The pivotal role of human resources is now universally recognized in economic growth. As modern education in India has been in vogue for more than two centuries, it may be surmised that the disparities in education might have been eliminated, by and large, during this long period. However, the fact remains that the differences of natural resource endowment, infrastructural regional inequalities, and paucity of financial resources led to the adoption of selectivity in regional development in India, which resulted in the disparities of social and economic development among the states. Research has been done to understand the intertemporal differential development of the states. This research paper is based on secondary data, supplemented by state wise data of population and gross state domestic product. The study used both econometric and statistical tools for the analysis of data. The methods and models used in the study ranged from simple tools of descriptive statistics like mean, median, variance, and coefficients of skewness and kurtosis. The data was also subjected to more rigorous two-factor ANOVA without replication to supplement the application of descriptive statistics. A very high degree of intertemporal and interspatial disparities was highlighted by these results. Socioeconomic inequalities emerged from the uneven distribution, and hence, a high degree of spatial concentration of population and population distribution among the Indian states was also examined.

1. Agarwal, P. (2009). Indian higher education- Envisioning the future (2nd ed. ). New Delhi: Sage Publication India Pvt. Ltd.
2. Anand, S. (2014). Inter state variations in public spending on higher education in India. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention, 31 (9), 23-31.
3. Anbalagan, P. (2011). Public expenditure on education : A study of inter-state variations in India. IJBEMR, 2 (1), 19-30.
4. Chikte, R. P. (2011). Income convergence and regional growth in India: Before and after liberalization. South Asia Economic Journal, 12 (2), 239-269. doi: 10.1177/139156141101200203
5. Correa, H., & Tinbergen, J. (1962). Quantitative adaptation of education to accelerated growth. Kyklos, 15 (4), 776-786. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6435.1962.tb00092.x
6. Dennison, E.F. (1966). Measuring contribution of education to economic growth. In O.E.C.D. (ed.), The residual factor and economic growth. Paris : OECD.
7. Directorate of Economics and Statistics. (2012). Statistics. New Delhi : Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare.
8. Harbison, F., & Myers, C. (1964). Education and employment in newly developing economies. Comparative Education Review, 8 (1), 5 -10.
9. Joshi K.M., & Ahir, K.V. (2013). Indian higher education: Some reflections. Intellectual Economics, 7 (1), 42-53.
10. Joshi, K.M. (2006). Human capital and the economic benefits of education: Understanding the investment arguments (Working Paper No.1/06). OSED.
11. Levine, R., & Renelt, D. (1992). A sensitivity analysis of cross country growth regression. American Economics Review, 82 (4), 942-963.
12. Panchamukhi, P.R. (1965). Educational capital in India. Indian Economic Journal, 12 (3), 306-314.
13. Prakasam, G. R. (2014). disparities in earnings and education in India. Cogent Economics and Finance. Cogent Economics and Finance, 2 (1), 1-18.
14. Prakash, S., & Anand, S. (2014). Impact of growth on factor endowment and structure of India's trade. IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance, 5 (5), 53-66.
15. Schultz, T.W. (1961). Investment in human capital [Presidential address delivered at the annual meeting of the American Economic Association, Saint Louis, MO, December, 1960]. The American Economic Review, 51, 1-17.
16. Thirlwall, A. (2013). Regional disparities in per capita income in India : Convergence or divergence. School of Economics, University of Kent, Kent.
17. Tilak, J.B.G. (1994). Education for development in Asia. New Delhi : Sage Publication India Pvt. Ltd.
18. Vakil, C.N., & Brahamananda, P.R. (1953). Planning for and expanding economy. Mumbai: Popular Prakashan.
19. Yule, G.U., & Kendall, M.G. (1950). An introduction to the theory of statistics (14th edition). London : C. Griffin.